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Are 3D mammograms better than standard imaging? A diverse study aims to find out_我的网站

一 |     Are 3D mammograms better than standard 2D imaging for catching advanced cancers?A clinical trial is recruiting thousands of volunteers — including a large number of Black women who face disparities in breast cancer death rates — to try to find out.People like Carole Stovall, a psychologist in Washington, D.C., have signed up for the study to help answer the question.“We all need a mammogram anyway, so why not do it with a study that allows the scientists to understand more and move closer to finding better treatments and ways of maybe even preventing it?” Stovall said.The underrepresentation of women and minorities in research is a long-simmering issue affecting health problems including Alzheimer’s disease, stroke and COVID-19. Trials without diversity lead to gaps in understanding of how new treatments work for all people. “Until we get more Black women into clinical trials, we can’t change the science. And we need better science for Black bodies,” said Ricki Fairley, a breast cancer survivor and advocate who is working on the issue.Black women are 40% more likely to die from breast cancer than white women and tend to be diagnosed younger. But it’s not clear whether 3D mammography is better for them, said Dr. Worta McCaskill-Stevens of the National Cancer Institute.“Are there populations for whom this might be important to have early diagnosis?" asked McCaskill-Stevens. "Or is it harmful,” causing too many false alarms or unneeded follow-up tests and treatments?McCaskill-Stevens, who is Black, leads NCI’s efforts to boost access to cancer research in minority and rural communities. She has joined the study herself.The newer 3D technique has been around for a decade, but there’s never been conclusive evidence that it's better than 2D at detecting advanced cancers. The screening technique combines multiple pictures of the breast taken from different angles to create a 3D-like image. Both 3D and 2D mammograms compress the breast and use low doses of radiation.Prior studies suggest that 3D finds more cancers than 2D, but catching more cancers doesn’t necessarily mean more lives saved. Some cancers missed by standard screening may not progress or need treatment. Previous studies did not randomly assign patients to a screening method, the gold standard for research.The notion “that if it’s new, it’s shiny, then it’s better,” isn’t necessarily true, McCaskill-Stevens said. “Until we have the evidence to support that, then we need well-designed randomized trials.”The trial has enrolled nearly 93,000 women so far with a goal of 128,000. The NCI-funded study is now running in Canada, South Korea, Peru, Argentina, Italy and 32 U.S. states. A site in Thailand will soon begin enrolling patients.“We added more international sites to enhance the trial’s diversity, particularly for Hispanic and Asian women,” said Dr. Etta Pisano, who leads the study. Overall, 42% of participants are Hispanic. As recruiting continues, enrolling Black women and other women of color will “absolutely” continue as a priority, Pisano said.Participants are randomly assigned to either 2D or 3D mammograms and are followed for several years. The number of advanced cancers detected by the two methods will be compared.At the U.S. study sites, 21% of study participants are Black women — that's higher than a typical cancer treatment study, in which 9% of participants are Black, McCaskill-Stevens said.The University of North Carolina has signed up more Black women than any other study site. Nearly a quarter of the nearly 3,000 women enrolled at UNC’s two locations are Black.“Women in North Carolina want to take part in something that’s bigger than them,” said Dr. Cherie Kuzmiak, who leads the UNC arm of the study. “They want this active role in helping determine the future of health care for women.”In Washington, D.C., word of mouth has led to successful recruiting. A chance encounter at her hair salon persuaded Stovall to join the research. While waiting for a hair appointment, she met Georgetown University cancer researcher Lucile Adams-Campbell. The two, both Black, started chatting.“She explained how important it was to get women of color into the program,” said Stovall, who jumped at the chance to catch up on her mammograms after the COVID-19 pandemic delayed screening for her and thousands of others.For Stovall, there was a personal reason to join the research. Her sister recently completed treatment for triple negative breast cancer, an aggressive type that affects Black women at higher rates than white women. Women ages 45 to 74 without a personal history of breast cancer are eligible for the study, which launched in 2017. Many women also are providing blood and cheek swab samples for a database that will be mined for insights.“It’s a dream that people had since the beginning of screening that we wouldn’t fit everybody into the same box,” Pisano said. The study's findings could “reduce disparities if we’re successful, assuming people have access to care.”Stovall, 72, had a brief scare when her mammogram, the traditional 2D type, showed something suspicious. A biopsy ruled out cancer.“I was extremely relieved,” Stovall said. “Everybody I know has heard from me about the need for them to go get a mammogram.”___The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.。    经国务院批复同意，日前，国家体育总局印发《体育强国建设“十五五”规划》（以下简称《规划》），明确提出优化体育业态和消费环境，培育新业态、新场景、新模式，激活“银发经济”“亲子经济”等体育消费增量。到2030年，体育产业总规模突破7万亿元。

二 | 体育产业如何打开“一老一小”这两扇新窗，激活消费新蓝海，既是民生考卷，也是发展命题。

三 | 数据显示，截至2025年末，我国60岁及以上人口已达3.2亿。

四 | 青少年体育消费市场不断扩大，3岁至9岁年龄组参与体育消费人数比例高达53.4%。一边是“银发族”对健康长寿的迫切期待，一边是亲子家庭对高质量陪伴的消费升级，体育恰好成为连接两端的天然纽带。《规划》将目光投向“一老一小”，切中关键。庞大的老年群体，适老化健身服务的供给至关重要。作为全国首创的长者专属一站式运动康养服务中心，截至2025年底，上海长者运动健康之家已建成200家，采取“政府补贴、企业运营”模式，每月69元即可不限次数锻炼。银发经济创新场景也不断破土而出。定州市威尔特体育用品有限公司的“智慧康养健身产业链”项目，为中老年群体、亚健康人群及慢性病康复患者提供智能化、个性化的运动康养服务；机电职业技术学院与邢台市老年人体育协会签署产教融合项目合作协议，为老年群体构建科学运动、健康监测、社交娱乐三位一体服务平台；石家庄市留营街道区域养老服务中心则把乒乓球室、舞蹈室、健身康复室搬进了社区，老人们自发组建了乒乓球、瑜伽、舞蹈等兴趣小组。从科技赋能到产教融合再到社区嵌入，银发体育的“新场景”持续多点开花。据《2024年中国银发经济发展报告》预计，到2030年我国老年体育消费规模将突破8000亿元。需求在，场景在，市场在，重要的是如何精准对接、规范引导。亲子经济不断升温，“一人参赛，全家消费”正在成为新常态。张家口崇礼将冬奥遗产转化为亲子体育的新场景，“雪如意”青少年滑雪训练竞技中心投用后推出的“滑雪+研学”套餐成为新热点，一人参训、全家参与的度假形态逐渐形成；2026中国家庭帆船赛·秦皇岛国际旅游港站吸引全国40多组家庭参与，赛事主打亲子协作，融合航海科普与本地文旅活动；省第十七届运动会推出的27项惠民举措，涵盖家庭亲子观赛大礼包等。

五 | 这些鲜活的实践表明，亲子体育消费早已超越单纯的培训消费，正升级为集赛事、研学、旅游、消费于一体的复合型生态。需要看到，新业态的培育不会一蹴而就。银发体育面临专业人才短缺、付费意愿薄弱等现实难题；亲子体育市场则需警惕同质化竞争与服务质量参差不齐。激活“银发经济”“亲子经济”，既需要政策层面的制度供给，如推动场地设施适老化、适儿化改造，也需要市场层面的创新探索，如将运动康养服务纳入医保支付、开发更多“赛事+文旅”融合产品。体育既是守护人民健康、提升生活品质的基础民生工程，又是拉动内需、促进就业、推动高质量发展的重要经济引擎。《规划》将“银发经济”“亲子经济”写入体育产业的“任务书”，是一次精准的供需对表。

六 | 让老人们能在家门口享受专业健身指导，让孩子们能在赛事中历练中成长，体育产业总规模突破7万亿元的目标才有了最坚实的底座。（张 镜）。

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